Journal of Fatima Jinnah Institute of Dental Sciences

Outcomes of Interdisciplinary Management in Complex Maxillofacial Trauma: A Case Series from a Tertiary Care Dental Hospital

Shaker Mahmood — 2025-12-30

Complex maxillofacial trauma often presents with multisystem involvement, functionalimpairment, and aesthetic deformities that require coordinated care across multiple dentaland medical specialties. This case series evaluates the clinical outcomes of
interdisciplinary management in patients presenting with complex maxillofacial injuries ata tertiary care dental hospital in Pakistan. A retrospective analysis of cases managedthrough a collaborative approach involving oral and maxillofacial surgeons, orthodontists,prosthodontists, anesthetists, and radiologists was conducted. Outcomes were assessed interms of functional recovery, aesthetic rehabilitation, complication rates, and patientsatisfaction. The interdisciplinary model demonstrated improved occlusal stability, facialsymmetry, reduced postoperative complications, and enhanced overall treatment outcomes.These findings highlight the critical role of structured interdisciplinary collaboration inoptimizing the management of complex maxillofacial trauma.

Advancements in Orthodontic Techniques: A Review of Clear Aligners and Traditional Braces

Sarah Shah — 2025-12-30

Orthodontic treatments have undergone significant advancements in recent years,particularly with the introduction of clear aligners alongside the longstanding use oftraditional braces. This review explores and compares the effectiveness, advantages, andlimitations of both treatment options for malocclusion. Clear aligners, including popularbrands such as Invisalign, have gained widespread popularity due to their aestheticappeal, comfort, and removability. They offer a discreet and convenient solution forpatients, especially adults and teens, who are concerned about the visibility of traditionalbraces. However, clear aligners are often less effective for complex cases requiringprecise tooth movement. On the other hand, traditional braces continue to be the goldstandard for treating severe malocclusion due to their ability to provide detailed controlover tooth movement. Although they are more visible and may cause discomfort,traditional braces are often the preferred choice for more complicated cases. This reviewevaluates key aspects such as treatment duration, patient compliance, effectiveness, andaesthetic considerations, offering a comprehensive overview of both orthodontictechniques to help guide treatment decisions for patients and clinicians.

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Dental Students Regarding Infection Control and Emerging Communicable Diseases

Junaid Dayar — 2025-12-30

Infection control is a fundamental component of dental education, particularly in thecontext of emerging and re-emerging communicable diseases that pose significant risks toboth patients and healthcare providers. Dental students, as future oral healthcareprofessionals, must possess adequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and appropriatepractices (KAP) to effectively prevent disease transmission within clinical settings. Thisscholarly article examines the current status of knowledge, attitudes, and practices ofdental students regarding infection control measures and emerging communicablediseases. It highlights gaps between theoretical understanding and clinical application,explores factors influencing compliance with standard precautions, and emphasizes therole of curriculum design, training, and institutional support. The findings underscore theneed for continuous education, evidence-based training, and robust monitoring systems tostrengthen infection control competencies and preparedness for future public healthchallenges.

Comparative Evaluation of Contemporary Dental Biomaterials Used in Restorative Dentistry: A Clinical and Laboratory-Based Study

Zuhair Arif — 2025-12-30

Contemporary restorative dentistry relies on biomaterials that must balance mechanical performance,adhesion, aesthetics, biocompatibility, and long-term clinical stability. This scholarly article presents acomparative framework for evaluating direct and indirect restorative biomaterials—resin composites, glassionomer cements (GIC), resin-modified GIC (RMGIC), CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics/hybrid ceramics,lithium disilicate glass-ceramics, and zirconia—through a combined laboratory and clinical lens. Laboratoryassessment emphasizes flexural strength, fracture toughness, wear, polymerization shrinkage, marginalintegrity, and bonding behavior, while clinical evaluation focuses on survival/failure patterns (fracture,secondary caries, debonding, wear, marginal discoloration), patient-reported outcomes, and operatordependent factors. Evidence suggests posterior resin composites show favorable annual failure rates in manysettings, but risk increases with restoration size and patient caries risk. Glass ionomer materials remainvaluable for high-caries-risk patients and cervical lesions due to fluoride release and chemical bonding, withongoing evidence syntheses supporting their clinical longevity across indications. For indirect restorations,lithium disilicate and zirconia demonstrate strong medium-term survival in systematic reviews and cohortevidence, with zirconia often showing slightly higher survival in some comparisons. The study concludes withan evidence-guided material selection algorithm that aligns material choice with load, esthetic demand,bonding substrate, and patient risk profile.

The Impact of Periodontal Disease on Systemic Health: A Comprehensive Review

Usman Shakoor — 2025-12-30

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting thesupporting structures of the teeth. In recent decades, evidence has increasingly linkedperiodontal disease with various systemic conditions, including cardiovascular disease,diabetes mellitus, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and respiratory disorders. Thiscomprehensive review synthesizes current research on how periodontal inflammationcontributes to systemic pathophysiology. Mechanisms such as systemic dissemination ofinflammatory mediators and periodontal pathogens are discussed. Understanding theseconnections has significant implications for public health and interdisciplinary patientcare. Based on existing epidemiological and clinical evidence, periodontal managementis recommended as part of strategies to improve overall systemic health.